A reference server project for researching the possibilities of moving YaCy to an alternative codebase

Introduction

YaCy is an open source decentralized search engine written in Java. However, its performance and scalability are limited by the current selection of technologies. This project involves the creation of a reference server for testing the transition of YaCy to more efficient programming languages, such as C++, C, Rust and Go.

Goal

Productivity and efficiency research alternative languages in the development of a decentralized search system.
Optimization of the use of hardware resources, including multiprocessor systems, large amounts of RAM and GRAID.
Providing better multithreading support and expansion of search algorithm capabilities.
Reduced dependency on the JVM to increase performance and reduce resource usage.

Hardware platform

The project involves the use of a reference server with the following characteristics:

RAM: 1–10 TB (depending on configuration and indexing volume)
Processors: 4-16 Intel server processors
Co-processors: Nvidia graphics cards for processing large amounts of data
Refuge: GRAID to increase data access speed and reduce latency
Network interaction: Optimized network protocols for efficient exchange of information between nodes

The main stages of development

Analysis of the current YaCy architecture and identification of key limitations.
Selection of the appropriate programming language (C++, C, Rust, Go) and testing of their capabilities.
Development of a prototype of an alternative core of the search engine.
Integration with existing infrastructure and performance testing on a reference server.
Evaluation of efficiency and further improvement of algorithms.

Expected results

Improved performance of the search engine due to the efficient use of multi-core processors and GRAID.
Reduced RAM usage and increased indexing speed.
Ensuring greater stability and scalability of the system.
Possibility of further adaptation of the new code base for use in other decentralized projects.

This project will become the basis for future improvements in the field of decentralized search systems and will demonstrate the possibility of creating a high-performance alternative to YaCy using modern technologies.

A reference server project for deploying and exploring the possibilities of transitioning YaCy to the C++, C, Rust, Go code base with 1-10 TB RAM and GRAID, with 4-16 Intel processors and NVidia cards as co-processors .

This is a very ambitious and exciting project! Here are some suggestions for server configuration and budgeting for such a study.

Reference server configuration:

RAM:

1–10 TB: Large amount of memory allows efficient processing and indexing of large amounts of data while maintaining low query latency.
It is recommended to use servers with scalable memory support, e.g. DDR4 ECC RAM for stability.

Processors (CPU):

4-16 Intel server processors: Multi-core processors, e.g. Intel Xeon or Intel Cascade Lake, which support large computing loads and high throughput.
It is suggested to consider multi-processor systems, which allow parallel computations to be handled and improve overall performance.

Graphics cards (GPU):

Nvidia GPU to process large amounts of data, including usage DIFFERENT to speed up certain processes, such as data analysis or deep learning.
Type cards are suitable for this Nvidia Tesla V100 or A100, which are specifically focused on large-scale computing and data processing.

Storage (Storage):

GRADE — technology for increasing storage performance. Using NVMe SSD in combination with RAID arrays helps minimize delays when accessing data.
Terabytes of storage for indexing large volumes of web data.

Networking:

Optimized network protocols: use 10G Ethernet or InfiniBand for fast data transfer between nodes in the network and to support scalability.

Technologies for development:

Programming languages:

C++/C: for the most efficient use of hardware resources, high performance and the possibility of manual memory management.
Rust: due to its security and high efficiency, it will be an excellent choice for systems working with rich flows.
Go: convenient for parallel computing and for building scalable network applications, which is well suited for decentralized systems.
Comparing the performance of these languages will allow to determine the optimal one for further stages of development.

Search and indexing algorithms:

Determination of effective algorithms for processing large volumes of data.
Development of algorithms for optimization of multi-threading and work with multi-core processors.

Estimate:

Equipment:

Intel Xeon servers with 4-16 processors: around $10,000-$50,000 depending on the number of processors and the level of computing power.
Nvidia Tesla GPU: approximately $5,000-$15,000 per card.
RAM: 1 TB RAM — $10,000-$30,000.
Refuge (NVMe SSD/GRAID): around $2,000-$10,000 for high performance solutions.

Licenses and Software:

Operating system: Free based solutions Linux (e.g. Ubuntu).
Development tools: depending on the programming language, may be free (for example, for Rust, Go).

Infrastructure and testing:

Using cloud-based testing platforms can add about $1,000-$5,000 per year to the budget for additional capacity and monitoring tools.

Expected results:

Improved performance thanks to more efficient use of multi-core processors and high-performance GPUs.
Reducing delays and resource utilization due to optimization of indexing and query processing.
Scalability systems for processing big data and search queries.
Open source and adaptation for other decentralized projects that can contribute to the development of technologies in the field of search engines.

This is definitely a big project that can significantly affect the evolution of decentralized search engines.

Here is a table that shows the maximum configuration of the reference server and a rough estimate for researching the transition of YaCy to alternative codebases (C++, C, Rust, Go):

Component	Maximum configuration	Estimated cost
Processors (CPU)	16 Intel Xeon server processors (Cascade Lake)	40,000–80,000 dollars
RAM	10 TB DDR4 ECC RAM	$100,000–$300,000
Graphics cards (GPU)	4 Nvidia Tesla V100 or A100 (for data processing and acceleration)	20,000–60,000 dollars
Storage (Storage)	100 TB NVMe SSD + GRAID for high performance storage	20,000–40,000 dollars
Network protocols	10G Ethernet or InfiniBand for fast data transfer	$5,000–$15,000
Operating system	Ubuntu or other free Linux distributions	Free
Development and testing tools	Docker, Kubernetes, profiling and monitoring tools	$1,000-$5,000 (Licenses, Tools)
Power consumption and cooling	Energy consumption for such systems including cooling	$5,000-$10,000 per year
General estimate (approximate)		$190,000 to $510,000

Notes:

Processors: The cost of Intel Xeon (Cascade Lake) server processors may vary by number of cores and speed, as well as by specific models.
RAM: The cost of memory for servers with large amounts of memory (up to 10 TB) increases significantly, so the price may vary depending on the amount.
Graphics cards (GPU): The cost of Nvidia Tesla depends on specific models. For the tasks of processing large volumes of data and acceleration, you can use models of the V100 or A100 type.
Refuge: This amount of storage will require usage NVMe SSD in combination with GRADE, which will significantly improve the speed of data access.
Network protocols: For high-speed data transmission between nodes, it is important to have a network infrastructure of the type 10G Ethernet or InfiniBand.

This is an approximate estimate for the maximum configuration, based on typical server components for such projects. These costs may vary depending on specific hardware vendors and licenses.

In order to implement a reference server to study the transition of YaCy to alternative codebases, it is important to develop a clear budget for the implementer, as well as a list of potential candidates who can be involved in the project.

Estimate of the implementer:

Stage	Description	Estimated cost
Design and planning	Development of the technical task, preparation of the project implementation plan	10,000–20,000 dollars
Selection and purchase of equipment	Evaluation and purchase of server equipment, network components, GPU	200,000–500,000 dollars
Server settings	Installation and configuration of servers, including network and data storage settings	30,000–50,000 dollars
Development of a system core prototype	Development of an initial prototype of an alternative YaCy kernel in new languages	40,000–80,000 dollars
Integration with existing infrastructure	Integrating the new code base with the current YaCy infrastructure	20,000–40,000 dollars
Testing and monitoring	Performance, stability and scalability tests	20,000–40,000 dollars
Evaluation of results and optimization	Evaluation of efficiency, introduction of optimizations and corrections of algorithms	10,000–20,000 dollars
Documentation and training	Preparation of documentation, staff training and project support	10,000–15,000 dollars
Total estimated cost		$340,000 to $765,000

List of candidates for implementation:

Technical project manager (Project Manager)

Responsible for overall project coordination, planning and organization of works.
Requirements: experience in IT project management, knowledge of Agile or Waterfall methodologies, experience in managing large teams.

System architect

Develops the overall architecture of the server infrastructure, is responsible for optimization and scalability.
Requirements: experience working with highly loaded systems, knowledge of C++, Rust, Go technologies, experience in building and configuring server solutions.

Developers (C++, C, Rust, Go)

A new search engine core is being developed in selected programming languages.
Requirements: in-depth knowledge of relevant programming languages, experience in developing scalable applications, familiarity with decentralized systems and search algorithms.

Server configuration engineer

Responsible for physical setup and configuration of servers, including GRAID deployment, configuration of graphics cards and network components.
Requirements: experience in configuring server systems and working with highly loaded infrastructures.

Test Engineer (QA)

Designs and runs tests to verify system performance, scalability, and reliability.
Requirements: experience in testing distributed and highly loaded systems, knowledge of testing tools such as JMeter or other similar tools.

Monitoring and optimization engineer

Responsible for monitoring system performance, finding and eliminating performance bottlenecks.
Requirements: experience in setting up system monitoring and profiling systems (Prometheus, Grafana, or similar), optimization of resource use.

Documentation and technical writer

Responsible for the preparation of technical documentation, description of algorithms, instructions for setting up and operating the system.
Requirements: experience in writing technical documentation for complex IT projects.

Total costs for the implementer:

Team salary:

Technical Manager: $80,000–120,000 per year
System Architect: $90,000-$150,000 per year
Developers: $70,000-$120,000 per year (each)
Configuration and Test Engineers: $60,000-$100,000 per year (each)
Documentation and technical writer: $50,000-$80,000 per year

Implementation time: approximately 12–18 months (depending on the complexity and scope of the project).
License and tool costs:

Development and testing software: $5,000-$10,000
Licenses for server operating systems and monitoring tools: $10,000–20,000

This estimate is indicative and may vary depending on specific circumstances, suppliers and selected solutions for project implementation.

When considering taxes in the EU, particularly in the Netherlands, it is necessary to include corporate income taxes, VAT (value added tax) and other possible financing costs. The Netherlands has one of the most transparent and efficient tax systems in the EU, but it is important to consider various aspects.

Taxes in the Netherlands for IT projects:

Corporate Income Tax (CIT):

The income tax rate in the Netherlands is 19% for income up to €200,000 and 25.8% for income above this threshold.

VAT:

The standard VAT rate in the Netherlands is 21%.
For certain types of goods and services, reduced rates are possible (for example, 9% for some goods and services).

Social contributions:

Salary expenses are subject to social contributions. This includes pension and medical contributions, which are approximately 27.65% of workers' wages.

Taxes on dividends:

A dividend tax of 15% is applied to the payment of dividends at the enterprise level.

Other fees:

The Netherlands has some additional fees for certain activities, including contributions to environmental initiatives or taxes on the use of specific resources.

Accounting for taxes in the project estimate:

Stage	Estimated cost before taxes	Tax expenses (approx.)	Approximate cost with taxes
Design and planning	10,000–20,000 dollars	$2,000-$4,000 (20%)	$12,000–$24,000
Selection and purchase of equipment	200,000–500,000 dollars	$42,000-$105,000 (21%)	$242,000 to $605,000
Server settings	30,000–50,000 dollars	$6,300-$10,500 (21%)	$36,300–$60,500
Development of a system core prototype	40,000–80,000 dollars	$8,400-$16,800 (21%)	$48,400–$96,800
Integration with infrastructure	20,000–40,000 dollars	$4,200-$8,400 (21%)	$24,200–$48,400
Testing and monitoring	20,000–40,000 dollars	$4,200-$8,400 (21%)	$24,200–$48,400
Evaluation of results and optimization	10,000–20,000 dollars	$2,000-$4,000 (20%)	$12,000–$24,000
Documentation and training	10,000–15,000 dollars	$2,100-$3,150 (21%)	$12,100-$18,150
The total cost of the project	$340,000 to $765,000	$71,100-$161,850	$411,100 to $926,850

Additional costs for social contributions:

If the company hires employees, social security contributions can further increase wage costs (approximately 27.65%). This applies to the hiring of both local specialists and foreign specialists if they work within the Netherlands.

Estimated total cost with taxes for the project:

Taking into account income taxes, VAT and other costs, the total cost of the project based on the maximum targeted costs will look like this:

Approximate cost without taxes: $340,000 – $765,000
Estimated tax costs (approximately 21%): 71,100 - 161,850 dollars
Approximate cost with taxes: 411,100 - 926,850 dollars

These costs may vary depending on various factors, such as the exact VAT rates, the specifics of social contributions and possible changes in Dutch tax law.

For project management and cost estimation, it is important to choose companies that specialize in technical consulting, large IT project management, and have experience in areas such as decentralized systems development, big data processing, and infrastructure scaling. Here are several categories of companies and a list of candidates that may be involved in such a project:

Types of companies for project management:

IT consulting and system integration:

They specialize in the development, testing and integration of complex IT systems.
They have experience in managing projects with large technical requirements and preparing relevant estimates.

Infrastructure technology consulting companies:

Support project teams in the development of scalable and high-performance solutions that require significant resources.

Software development outsourcing company:

Connecting specialists to specific tasks of developing the search engine core and optimizing performance.

Possible candidates for project management:

Accenture

Description: Global consulting company with vast experience in the field of IT consulting, development and project management at the international level.
Field of specialization: Development of large corporate solutions, optimization and scaling of infrastructure.
Why choose: Has experience in working with large technological projects, such as large search engines and data processing.

Get hold of it

Description: A large international consulting company with strong positions in technology project management, including automation and digital transformation.
Field of specialization: Software development, introduction of new technologies (including C++, Rust, Go).
Why choose: He has experience in implementing technologies for large distribution and high-performance systems.

IBM Global Services

Description: A classic provider of services for the development and scaling of IT systems.
Field of specialization: Software development, consulting on infrastructure optimization, including for processing large volumes of data.
Why choose: He has extensive experience in infrastructure projects and the deployment of complex technologies.

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)

Description: One of the leaders in the field of IT consulting, known for its powerful resources in the field of software development and infrastructure.
Field of specialization: Consulting, software development, management of large projects, infrastructure support.
Why choose: Extensive experience in creating and optimizing distribution and large systems.

Wipro

Description: An Indian outsourcing company with a global scale and experience in working with large projects in various industries.
Field of specialization: Software development, testing, as well as strategic project management based on modern technologies.
Why choose: Specializes in large IT projects, including the integration of various technologies for distribution systems.

Deloitte Consulting

Description: One of the largest consulting companies in the world, providing services in the field of IT consulting, finance, management consulting and strategic planning.
Field of specialization: Project management, development of infrastructure and scalable solutions, optimization of resources.
Why choose: He has experience in the implementation of technologies for large infrastructure and technological projects.

List of candidates for project management positions:

Technical Director (CTO):

Candidates:

Senior Solution Architect with experience in developing scalable distributed systems.
Experienced engineer in optimizing productivity in working with big data.

Project Manager (PM):

Candidates:

Experienced in managing large IT software development projects, including infrastructure and scaling.

Software Architect:

Candidates:

Specialists with experience in C++, Rust, Go, Java for the development of search engines.

Big Data and Infrastructure Engineers:

Candidates:

Engineers with experience in GRAID, distributed systems and big data processing.

Testers and QA specialists:

Candidates:

Specialists in testing high-performance systems for big data.

Cost of project manager services:

Company	Approximate cost of services (monthly)	Note
Accenture	50,000–150,000 euros	High level of service for large projects with large-scale infrastructures.
Get hold of it	40,000–120,000 euros	Offers services for development and optimization of complex systems.
IBM Global Services	60,000–200,000 euros	Support in the development and integration of complex technologies.
Wipro	30,000–100,000 euros	Provision of complex software and infrastructure development services.
Deloitte	70,000–180,000 euros	Offers consulting for large transformational IT projects.

These cost estimates may vary depending on the complexity of the project, specialization and region in which the company is located.

Keywords: YaCy, P2P, search engine, C++, Rust, Go, GRAID, Intel, NVidia, co-processors, big computing, decentralized search.

#YaCy #P2P #SearchEngine #Cplusplus #Rust #GoLang #GRAID #Intel #Nvidia #Decentralized #BigData #AI #OpenSource #Networking

пятница, 31 января 2025 г.